Friday 14 December 2012

Google Operating System

Google Operating System Details

Former Google engineer Jeff Nelson wrote the first version of the operating system, code named "Google OS", in 2006. He based it on a Linux distribution and the Firefox browser, as Google's own Chrome browser was not yet available. The impetus was speed. Nelson thought that both Windows and Linux were needlessly slow. His solution was to move the operating system off the hard disk and into RAM. Restarting Firefox, he recalls, "went from ~45 seconds to ~1 second. Browsing a directory in the file explorer went from ~8 seconds to ~0.01 seconds. Even compiling code became 60% faster, and I could run non-indexed, recursive greps of the entire RAM resident file system in under 15 seconds. Try doing that with a hard disk." Because of the size constraints of RAM, the operating system relied on applications that resided on the Internet and stored user data online. Nelson filed a patent for his invention, titled "Network-based Operating System Across Devices," on March 20, 2009. It was granted in August 7, 2012 and assigned to Google long after he departed the company.[15][16]

To ascertain marketing requirements for an operating system focused on netbook Web transactions, Google did not do the usual demographic research generally associated with a large software development project. Instead, engineers relied on more informal metrics, including monitoring the usage patterns of some 200 Chrome OS machines used by Google employees. Developers also noted their own usage patterns. Matthew Papakipos, former[17] engineering director for the Chrome OS project, put three machines in his house and found himself logging in for brief sessions: to make a single search query or send a short email.[6]

On November 19, 2009, Google released Chrome OS's source code as the Chromium OS project.[4] As with other open source projects, developers are modifying code from Chromium OS and building their own versions, whereas Google Chrome OS code will only be supported by Google and its partners, and will only run on hardware designed for the purpose. Unlike Chromium OS, Chrome OS will be automatically updated to the latest version.[18] InformationWeek reviewer Serdar Yegulalp wrote that Chrome OS will be a product, developed to "a level of polish and a degree of integration with its host hardware that Chromium OS does not have by default," whereas Chromium OS is a project, "a common baseline from which the finished work is derived" as well as a pool for derivative works. The product and project will be developed in parallel and borrow from each other.[19]

At a November 19, 2009 news conference, Sundar Pichai, the Google vice president overseeing Chrome, demonstrated an early version of the operating system. He previewed a desktop which looked very similar to the Chrome browser, and in addition to the regular browser tabs also had application tabs, which take less space and can be pinned for easier access. At the conference, the operating system booted up in seven seconds, a time Google said it would work to reduce.[18][2
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